27^th World Congress on Diet, Nutrition and Obesity September 7- 8, 2018 Auckland, New Zealand

Biography:

Maria Abigail Concepcion C Cedullo is a Graduate of Holistic Nutrition with Culinary Arts at Manila Tytana Colleges. She has previously worked as a Clinical Dietitian and a Therapeutic Dietitian.

Abstract:

Despite the relative importance of nutrition labels, a lot of Filipino consumers do not pay attention to it as documented in various literatures. Thus, there is a need to identify the factors influencing Filipino consumers to read or not to read nutrition labels among selected mothers in Las Pinas City. A quasi-experimental approach was used, 30 mothers were selected and assigned to either the group of reader or non-reader of nutrition labels. Interview schedule and guide were administered among respondents. Frequency and percentages were used to analyze data. Majority of the respondents from both groups are aware (86.7%) and know (80.0%) what nutrition labels are but reflected different views on what influences them to read or not read the labels. Among readers they view channel of information, amount of information and buying for other people as the primary factors why they read nutrition labels. The importance and usefulness of food label information increases when buying for other people, especially babies/children. Among non-readers time, overcrowding of information and physical appearance of the label are factors why they don not read nutrition labels. Most of the non-readers view these labels as too scientific and difficult to understand, complaining that the letters of the nutritional label are too small, with best before and use by, located at the back of the package, as the most confused term. In conclusion, the presentation of nutrition labels may be too technical with too much information for the consumers making it difficult to understand.

Biography:

Lynnette Lyzwinski is a PhD student at the School of Medicine, University of Queensland. Her research interests involve lifestyle medicine, digital health and randomized controlled trials that target lifestyle related health behaviors.

Abstract:

Introduction: Mindfulness can help college students with key challenges they face relating to weight gain and stress induced emotional eating and binge eating. Little is presently known about the extent to which students are aware of mindfulness, their conceptualization and understanding of it and the barriers as well as the facilitators of mindfulness on campus which is useful information for future health education and promotions campaigns. Additionally, promoting mindfulness through mHealth is a novel and accessible intervention medium. While there have been qualitative studies on mHealth for weight loss, there has not been a study on mHealth for weight loss using mindfulness that has explored student perspectives on mHealth for promoting mindfulness.

Method: A qualitative exploratory pilot study with a participatory design was undertaken at the St Lucia Campus at the University of Queensland in March 2017. Data was analyzed using NVivo software.

Result: The key barriers to a mindful lifestyle on campus were identified as being social, cultural, knowledge and time management related. The food environment also promoted a fast food mentality over slow mindful eating. The sample text messages were positively received by students. Students preferred messages with practical tips about how to be mindful and how to integrate mindful reflection of both one’s body and environment while on campus. Students preferred a theoretical future student-centered mindfulness app that had the following design features: A simple design interface, a focus on education/practical tips and real-life practical exercises. It is important to consider maximizing the potential facilitators of use and minimize potential identified barriers when developing and designing a future mHealth mindfulness intervention.

Conclusion: Future mHealth studies may consider integrating mindfulness-based text messages in their interventions for weight and stress as this is a novel feature that appears to be acceptable for students.

Biography:

Silvia Denise Pena Betancourt has obtained her Bachelor's degree in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at Universidad Veracruzana. She has completed her Masters in Animal Pathology in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UNAM, her Specialty in Clinical Toxicology at the Faculty of Medicine of the Claude Bernard University in Lyon, France and a PhD from the Faculty of Pharmacy at Claude Bernard University of Lyon, France. She has been a Veterinary Professor. She is the author of toxicology book chapters in food, research and articles. She also has held academic positions as Coordinator of study plans at the specialty and Master’s level at UNAM and Academic Commissions (UNAM, UAM-X).

Abstract:

Diet is considered a risk factor in chronic degenerative diseases such as cancer. The Fumonisin are mycotoxins with cancer evidence in animal models and they are classified by IARC as a possible human carcinogen group 2b. These toxins commonly infect cereal crops. Maize (corn) is the principal food cereal consumed by Mexican population as tortillas in significant amounts. The aim of this research was to investigate the fatty acid profile in 40 genotypes of maize with natural fumonisin contamination. The fatty acids profile was performed by gas chromatography and total Fumonisin were determined using the QuickTox TM extraction and quantified by QuickScan. The results showed that linoleic acid increased in hybrid maize contaminated with mycotoxins versus maize not contaminated, in average 7.6% (47.12% vs 39.57% respectively). The oleic acid was the principal loss in hybrid maize (6.62%). 31% of the hybrid maize with fumonisin at average levels in 0.26 ppm (260 ppb), with a range of 0.23 to 1.20 ppm (230-1200 ppb); 22% of native corn with an average content of 0.41 ppm (410 ppb) and a maximum of 1.0 ppm (1000 ppb). In the statistics analysis, a Pearson correlation test was made (Excel) and showed significance between fumonisin and linoleic acid (p >0.05.) The conclusion was the linoleic acid is affected by even in low levels of Fumonisin in both genotypes and 123.5 million people are in risk of chronic exposure to mycotoxins and develop cancer.

Biography:

Dr.Deepika Bahl is working as a full time Research Consultant at Health Promotion Division, Public Health Foundation of India and part time consultant with NGO SHARP. She completed her Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Delhi on prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adolescents and assessing the effectiveness of peer led implementation. Since last 6 years, she is working in the field of nutrition, epidemiology and public health.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem & Aim: Overweight and obesity are associated with various co-morbidities. With this background, present study aims to screen and identify school going adolescents with hypertriglyceridemia and hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype among adolescents of Delhi.

Method: Cross-sectional study was done with 877 adolescents (12-15 years) selected from four public schools of Delhi. Based on body mass index, waist circumference and waist to height ratio subjects were screened to identify high risk subjects. Of the screened subjects’ serum triglycerides was estimated to identify hypertriglyceridemia and hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype.

Result: 33.2% of subjects were screened and their serum triglycerides was estimated. Hypertriglyceridemia among subject was 35.7% (males 32.9%, females 41.3%, p=0.4). Triglycerides were significantly associated with BMI (r=0.12, p=0.04); WC (r=0.19, p≤0.001) and body weight (r=0.10, p=0.03). Waist circumference (≥90 percentile) had higher odds for having an elevated serum triglyceride concentration (OR=2.08, 95% CI=1.19-3.63) in comparison to waist circumference <90 percentile. Prevalence of hypertriglycemic waist phenotype among screened subject was 26.20% (males 25.6%, females 27.1%, p=0.06). Higher prevalence of hypertriglycemic waist phenotype was seen in obese subject in comparison to overweight subjects (p=0.002). Similarly, higher prevalence hypertriglycemic waist phenotype was seen in subject with waist to height ratio greater than 0.5 in comparison to waist to height ratio less than 0.5 (p=0.00).

Conclusion: High prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype among adolescents indicates need of proactive preventive measures with focus on diet and physical activity to avoid future non-communicable disease epidemic and related co-morbidities.

Biography:

Silvia Denise Pena Betancourt has obtained her Bachelor's degree in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at Universidad Veracruzana. She has completed her Masters in Animal Pathology in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UNAM, her Specialty in Clinical Toxicology at the Faculty of Medicine of the Claude Bernard University in Lyon, France and a PhD from the Faculty of Pharmacy at Claude Bernard University of Lyon, France. She has been a Veterinary Professor. She is the author of toxicology book chapters in food, research and articles. She also has held academic positions as Coordinator of study plans at the specialty and Master’s level at UNAM and Academic Commissions (UNAM, UAM-X).

Abstract:

Diet is considered a risk factor in chronic degenerative diseases such as cancer. The Fumonisin are mycotoxins with cancer evidence in animal models and they are classified by IARC as a possible human carcinogen group 2b. These toxins commonly infect cereal crops. Maize (corn) is the principal food cereal consumed by Mexican population as tortillas in significant amounts. The aim of this research was to investigate the fatty acid profile in 40 genotypes of maize with natural fumonisin contamination. The fatty acids profile was performed by gas chromatography and total Fumonisin were determined using the QuickTox TM extraction and quantified by QuickScan. The results showed that linoleic acid increased in hybrid maize contaminated with mycotoxins versus maize not contaminated, in average 7.6% (47.12% vs 39.57% respectively). The oleic acid was the principal loss in hybrid maize (6.62%). 31% of the hybrid maize with fumonisin at average levels in 0.26 ppm (260 ppb), with a range of 0.23 to 1.20 ppm (230-1200 ppb); 22% of native corn with an average content of 0.41 ppm (410 ppb) and a maximum of 1.0 ppm (1000 ppb). In the statistics analysis, a Pearson correlation test was made (Excel) and showed significance between fumonisin and linoleic acid (p >0.05.) The conclusion was the linoleic acid is affected by even in low levels of Fumonisin in both genotypes and 123.5 million people are in risk of chronic exposure to mycotoxins and develop cancer.

Biography:

Dr.Deepika Bahl is working as a full time Research Consultant at Health Promotion Division, Public Health Foundation of India and part time consultant with NGO SHARP. She completed her Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Delhi on prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adolescents and assessing the effectiveness of peer led implementation. Since last 6 years, she is working in the field of nutrition, epidemiology and public health.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem & Aim: Overweight and obesity are associated with various co-morbidities. With this background, present study aims to screen and identify school going adolescents with hypertriglyceridemia and hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype among adolescents of Delhi.

Method: Cross-sectional study was done with 877 adolescents (12-15 years) selected from four public schools of Delhi. Based on body mass index, waist circumference and waist to height ratio subjects were screened to identify high risk subjects. Of the screened subjects’ serum triglycerides was estimated to identify hypertriglyceridemia and hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype.

Result: 33.2% of subjects were screened and their serum triglycerides was estimated. Hypertriglyceridemia among subject was 35.7% (males 32.9%, females 41.3%, p=0.4). Triglycerides were significantly associated with BMI (r=0.12, p=0.04); WC (r=0.19, p≤0.001) and body weight (r=0.10, p=0.03). Waist circumference (≥90 percentile) had higher odds for having an elevated serum triglyceride concentration (OR=2.08, 95% CI=1.19-3.63) in comparison to waist circumference <90 percentile. Prevalence of hypertriglycemic waist phenotype among screened subject was 26.20% (males 25.6%, females 27.1%, p=0.06). Higher prevalence of hypertriglycemic waist phenotype was seen in obese subject in comparison to overweight subjects (p=0.002). Similarly, higher prevalence hypertriglycemic waist phenotype was seen in subject with waist to height ratio greater than 0.5 in comparison to waist to height ratio less than 0.5 (p=0.00).

Conclusion:High prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype among adolescents indicates need of proactive preventive measures with focus on diet and physical activity to avoid future non-communicable disease epidemic and related co-morbidities.

Biography:

Lora Sri Nofi has professional experience in nutrition and dietetics. She is the Head of Pediatric Nutrition and Dietetics Unit in Indonesia’s top referral hospital, Cipto Mangunkusumo.

Abstract:

The re-scoring method of Subjective Global Nutrition Assessment (SGNA) has 5 categories in defining malnutrition. Recently, it has been validated with Registered Dietitians’ assessment as standard and effectively has shown comparable agreements. The re-scoring method was applied noticing malnutrition and its prevalence in various conditions. The objective of study was determining malnutrition prevalence in pediatric cancer inpatient using SGNA re-scoring method. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary level non-infection pediatric ward hospital during January to May 2018. Cancer patient in critical illness were excluded. There were 307 subjects pleased inclusion criteria with majority was children-age group (60%) followed by adolescent (34.5%) and infant (5.5%). Composition between genders was relatively comparable (boys 55%, girls 45%). Based on cancer type, most of subjects had solid tumor (59.3%) tailed by leukemia (35.2%) and lymphoma (5.5%). SGNA identified 40.2% subjects were malnutrition (moderate 33.2%, severe 7%), while SGNA re-scoring method classified 36.2% subjects were normal, 37.1% mild, 20.8% mild-moderate, 5.6% moderate and 0.3% severe malnutrition. Malnutrition prevalence in pediatric cancer is relatively high on admission. Classification using the re-scoring method of SGNA is more featured to differentiate between mild and moderate malnutrition compared with SGNA. This will assist Registered Dietitians to prioritize patient and their progressive nutrition therapy which will be delivered in preventing worse conditions in time as early as possible.

Biography:

Wilmar Jun Orbiso Elopre has received his Bachelor’s degree in Nutrition and Dietetics from Central Mindanao University, Philippines. In 2015, he ranked 3rd in the national licensure examination for nutritionist-dietitians, earning a rating of 87% in nutritional biochemistry and clinical dietetics. He has received his Master’s units in Food Science. Currently, he is a Member of the Faculty of Nutrition and Dietetics in the same institution, teaching nutritional biochemistry, nutrition therapy and other related subjects.

Abstract:

This study aimed to determine the relationship between the intake of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and the incidence of depression in college students. The study especially tested whether the association between the two was strong enough to be significant despite the effects of confounders found in college environment. A cross sectional questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the different from two hundred one (201) college respondents for this study. Usual food intake recall (UFIR) was used to determine the n-3 and n-6 fatty acid intake; beck depression inventory- II (BDI - II) for the ascertainment of depressive symptoms and a miscellaneous questionnaire for the determination of confounders. The study used the binary hierarchical logistic regression analysis to analyze the data. The results showed that there was significant relationship between n-3 and n-6 fatty acid intake and depressive symptoms in college students (χ²=12.39, df=1; p<0.000). The n-3 and n-6 fatty acid intake variable strongly predicted the incidence of depressive symptoms in the hierarchical model (p<0.001; df=1) and that the association was independent from the influence of the confounders. The odds ratio for a college student with adequate n-3 and n-6 fatty acid intake to have no depressive symptoms is 4.509 times more than a college student with inadequate intake (95% CI=1.857 to 10.949).

Biography:

Ji Zhang has completed his Masters from Huazhong University of Science and Technology. He is a Research Scientist and Principle Investigator at Ngee Ann Polytechnic, School of Life Science and Chemical Technology. His research interest is in the area of protein engineering, molecular biotechnology and microbial biotechnology.

Abstract:

In recent years, natural resources are attracting more attention due to their huge potential in discovery/development of novel bioactive compounds. Mushrooms and their metabolites have made them ideal candidates for health supplement due to beneficial effects. However, only limited mushrooms and compounds have been discovered and applied in nutraceutical industry compared with abundant natural resources. In our study, mono-culture and mixed-culture of mycelia of medicinal mushrooms, three edible mushrooms and 11 wild-type mushroom strains isolated in Singapore rain forest were investigated for enhanced bioactivity and novel secondary metabolites. Both mycelia and fermentation broth were extracted and analyzed. The results showed that triterpenoids were the main bioactive compounds from the extract samples and their production was enhanced through mycelial co-cultivation. In addition, mycelia co-cultivation also resulted in enhanced anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic activities. More interestingly, the secondary metabolite profiles varied greatly between mono-culture and co-culture with novel compounds detected in mushroom mycelia co-cultivation. Our study demonstrated that mixed-culture fermentation of mushroom mycelia may be an effective strategy to discover novel bioactive compounds and develop novel nutraceutical products.

Biography:

Abstract:

Metabolic flexibility refers to the ability of the muscle to effectively switch between substrates supplying energy based on availability. Although a decline in FTO transcription has been associated with alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism, it is unknown if this subsequently influences metabolic flexibility. This study investigated the influence of FTO rs9939609 genotype (variant alleles: AA, AT and TT) and BMI (lean: <25 kg/m² and overweight: >25 kg/m²) on metabolic and respiratory markers of substrate oxidation in the basal state and following a glucose-stimulated dietary challenge. Apparently healthy, sedentary males and females aged 20-50 years (n=147) completed a single experimental session designed to (1) assess pre-prandial plasma glucose and serum insulin concentrations, Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER) and substrate oxidation following a 10-12 hours overnight fast and (2) assess the physiological responses of these variables following an Oral Glucose Load (OGL) challenge. Metabolic flexibility (measured as ∆RER over time) was slower in overweight individuals compared to lean individuals (p=0.009), but not different between FTO genotypes (p>0.05), independent of BMI. Overweight individuals demonstrated lower pre-prandial fat oxidation (p=0.012) and elevated pre-prandial glucose oxidation (p=0.031) compared to lean individuals. No differences in pre-prandial or post-prandial substrate oxidation were observed between FTO genotypes (p>0.05). Plasma glucose was significantly increased post OGL (p<0.001), however, no differences were observed when separating participants by BMI or FTO genotype (p>0.05). Significantly greater insulin resistance was observed in overweight individuals when compared to lean individuals (p=0.007), whilst insulin resistance and sensitivity were similar between FTO genotypes (p>0.05). An acute nutritional stimulus produced a slower metabolic flexibility and higher insulin resistance in individuals with an overweight BMI but did not produce different responses between FTO allelic variants.​​

Biography:

Vikas Leelavati Balasaheb Jadhav has completed PostGraduation in Radiology in 1994. He has a 23 Years of experience in the field of Gastro-Intestinal Tract Ultrasound & Diagnostic as well Therapeutic Interventional Sonography. He is the Pioneer of Gastro-Intestinal Tract Sonography, especially Gastro-Duodenal Sonography. He has delivered many Guest Lectures in Indian as well International Conferences in nearly 27 countries as an Invited Guest Faculty, since March 2000. He is a Consultant Radiologist & the Specialist in Conventional as well Unconventional Gastro-Intestinal Tract Ultrasound & Diagnostic as well Therapeutic Interventional Sonologist in Pune, India.

Abstract:

Transabdominal Sonography of the Small & Large Intestines can reveal following diseases. Bacterial & Viral Entero-Colitis. An Ulcer, whether it is superficial, deep with risk of impending perforation, Perforated, Sealed perforation, Chronic Ulcer & Post-Healing fibrosis & stricture. Polyps & Diverticulum. Benign intra-mural tumours. Intra-mural haematoma. Intestinal Ascariasis. Foreign Body. Necrotizing Entero-Colitis. Tuberculosis. Intussusception. Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Ulcerative Colitis, Cronhs Disease. Complications of an Inflammatory Bowel Disease – Perforation, Stricture. Neoplastic lesion is usually a segment involvement, & shows irregularly thickened, hypoechoic & aperistaltic wall with loss of normal layering pattern. It is usually a solitary stricture & has eccentric irregular luminal narrowing. It shows loss of normal Gut Signature. Enlargement of the involved segment seen. Shouldering effect at the ends of stricture is most common feature. Primary arising from wall itself & secondary are invasion from adjacent malignancy or distant metastasis. All these cases are compared & proved with gold standards like surgery & endoscopy. Some extra efforts taken during all routine or emergent ultrasonography examinations can be an effective non-invasive method to diagnose primarily hitherto unsuspected benign & malignant Gastro-Intestinal Tract lesions, so should be the investigation of choice.

Biography:

Céline Tiffon has completed her PhD in Tumor Biology from the University of Bern in 2007 and Postdoctoral studies from the United Kingdom and France where she has been working since 2010.

Abstract:

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, the most common subtype of human pancreatic cancer, affects both men and women and is highly aggressive, with a five-year survival rate of only about 5%. N-myc Downstream-Regulated Gene-1 (NDRG1) is a hypoxia-inducible and differentiation-related protein and candidate biomarker in pancreatic cancer. As NDRG1 expression is lost in high-grade tumors, the effects of the differentiating histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) were examined in human pancreatic cancer cell lines representing different tumor grades. Panc-1 (poorly differentiated) and Capan-1 (moderately- to well-differentiated) cells were treated with TSA. Effects were assessed in vitro by microscopic analysis, colorimetric assays, cell counts, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting. Treatment of Panc-1 cells over four days with 0.5 µM TSA restored cellular differentiation, inhibited proliferation, and enhanced p21^Cip1 protein expression. TSA upregulated NDRG1 mRNA and protein levels under normoxia from day one and by six-fold by day four (p<0.01 at all-time points). After 24 h under hypoxia, NDRG1 expression was further increased in differentiated cells (p<0.01). Favorable changes were identified in the expression of other hypoxia-regulated genes. HDAC inhibitors offer a potential novel epi-drug approach for pancreatic cancer by reversing the undifferentiated phenotype and allowing patients to overcome resistance and better respond to conventional cytotoxic treatments. Restoration of NDRG1 expression may represent a biomarker of malignant pancreatic tumors undergoing re-differentiation and redirecting toward a lower tumor grade. The use of the human ductal Panc-1 cell line treated with TSA represents a useful tool to study cellular differentiation through epigenetic mechanisms.

Biography:

Derouiche Abdelfettah has received a PhD in Bio-industry from the University of Nancy France in 1988 and PhD in Human Nutrition in 2008, Hassan University II Casablanca Morocco. He is the Professor in Human Nutrition and is a Director of the human nutrition research unit. He is a Temporary adviser on nutrition of WHO and the Head of Moroccan action on salt and health (MASH).

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are not just a public health problem, they are also economical. These diseases are accentuated in the part of the population facing economic challenges and often resulting from rural exodus. The results of the (NCD) screenings in the city of Casablanca Morocco showed a high frequency of obesity and possible undiagnosed cases of NCD in low and middle-income areas. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of obesity among women in Casablanca and to study the factors involved.

Method: A survey was conducted in six Casablanca neighborhoods using multi-stage cluster sampling. Anthropometric parameters and body composition were measured and information on the evolution of eating habits, socio-demographic status and body image perception and use of fattening products was collected using a questionnaire of 425 adult women from the neighborhoods of Casablanca.

Result: We found a prevalence of 47% obesity and 36% overweight. Obesity and overweight exceeded 80% in all age groups, except for women under 25, where we found a prevalence of 44% overweight. In addition, the prevalence of abdominal obesity was high in all age groups with an overall prevalence of 67%. Body image perception data showed that 62% of women perceived their weight as normal or insufficient, 46% of these women were, in fact, overweight or obese. Fattening products have been used at least once by 12% of the population, especially by women under 35 years of age.

Conclusion: The problem of overweight and obesity in this society exceeds twice the national prevalence it would be in addition to the change in eating behavior and lifestyle to the perception of a regular weight and the use of fattening substances.

Biography:

Yerimova N Zh, Gastroenterologist of  Syzganov’s  National Scientific Center of  Surgery. Her research interest includes Gastroenterology, children liver transplantation and general pediatrics, scientific research, stem cell.

Abstract:

Aim: Evaluation of the effectiveness of the prevention of the treatment of cytomegalovirus infection after liver transplantation in children under 1 year of age with biliary atresia.

Material & Methods: Since March 2016 18 liver transplants from a living related donor in children were performed. The age of the patients ranged from 7 months to 8 years. Of these 15 (83.3%) patients were with biliary atresia. The number of girls is 10 (66.7%) and boys 5 (33.3%). At the time of diagnosis, most of the children registered formed cirrhosis of the liver.

Results: All recipients with positive quantitative parameters of PCR received CMV-specific immunoglobulin 3-5 months before the operation. The left lateral sector was transplanted to 15 patients with biliary atresia from CMV of the seropositive related lifelong donor (D+/R+) 13 donors and from CMV 1 seronegative donor (D-/R+), 1 to the simultaneous transplantation (liver and kidney) 2 patients with cirrhosis of the liver in the outcome of autoimmune hepatitis. In all children, biliary atresia was combined with a cytomegalovirus infection, 7 of them with an active form. The observation period is from 14 days after the operation to 2 years. After the operation, a three-component immunosuppressive therapy was performed (prednisolone, Sellsept, Tacrolimus). Activation was noted in 2 patients with inactive form of CMV. In 2 children, neurologic symptoms developed - 1 with active form of CMV and in 1 child it was associated with a toxic effect of immunosuppressive therapy (tacrolimus), which was managed by conservative methods of treatment. All children with cytomegalovirus infection received antiviral therapy with valganciclovir at a rate of 18 mg/kg for 1 month, against which the virus load in children with an active CMV phase was reduced. Six months after the operation, in all children, the quality of PCR for CMV was negative. At 9 months after liver transplantation, 1 patient with an inactive form of CMV had an increase in viral load.

Conclusions: Thus, our experience once again confirms the role of cytomegalovirus infection in the development of biliary atresia with the formation of liver cirrhosis and requires adequate follow-up after liver transplantation.

Biography:

Jessica Danaher has completed her PhD at Victoria University in Human Obesity Genetics and Skeletal Muscle Metabolism using nutrition and exercise stressors. She also pursued Masters of Dietetics at Deakin University and is now an Accredited Practicing Dietitian. Her previous roles include Clinical Dietitian at St Vincent's Hospital, Casual Research Fellow at Deakin University, Sessional Academic at Victoria University and Victorian Clinical Director of Health Promotion for Special Olympics Australia. She is currently a Lecturer/Early Career Development Fellow in Nutrition at RMIT University.

Abstract:

Since the human genome has been sequenced there has been a revolution in our understanding of how genetic variation can considerably influence medical outcomes and responses to therapeutic interventions. Advancements in this field have been particularly prominent in the field of oncology, where developing tailored drug-based interventions for specific genetic alterations has led to remarkable therapeutic outcomes. The genomic revolution represents the next shift in how we treat people for various diseases by specifically tailoring their treatment based on their genetic background, including how diet affects our health. Not all people respond in the same way to different food and food patterns. This is influenced by an individual’s genetic make-up. Personalized nutrition recommendations by health professionals, which take genetic differences into account, will therefore become necessary to prevent and treat nutrition-related diseases, in contrast to conventional one-size-fits all recommendations. The ability to provide a person dietary advice, specific to their genetic make-up, is also complicated by other factors. This includes how environmental factors modify genes (epigenetics), the composition of good and bad bacteria (microbiome) in the gut and the levels of different metabolites in the blood. These factors together describe nutritional genomics and all must be taken into consideration when identifying genetic sub-groups who would benefit from particular dietary recommendations. The ultimate goal in this field is to integrate all of this information to ensure that health-care professionals, including nutritionist’s and dietitians, know enough about nutritional genomics to decide on the most appropriate level of care to achieve personalized nutrition. This presentation will discuss the adoption of nutritional genomics technologies in nutrition practice, focusing on current evidence, barriers and future directions.

Biography:

Abstract:

Biography:

Vikas Leelavati Balasaheb Jadhav has completed PostGraduation in Radiology in 1994. He has a 23 Years of experience in the field of Gastro-Intestinal Tract Ultrasound & Diagnostic as well Therapeutic Interventional Sonography. He is the Pioneer of Gastro-Intestinal Tract Sonography, especially Gastro-Duodenal Sonography. He has delivered many Guest Lectures in Indian as well International Conferences in nearly 27 countries as an Invited Guest Faculty, since March 2000. He is a Consultant Radiologist & the Specialist in Conventional as well Unconventional Gastro-Intestinal Tract Ultrasound & Diagnostic as well Therapeutic Interventional Sonologist in Pune, India.

Abstract:

Transabdominal Sonography of the Small & Large Intestines can reveal following diseases. Bacterial & Viral Entero-Colitis. An Ulcer, whether it is superficial, deep with risk of impending perforation, Perforated, Sealed perforation, Chronic Ulcer & Post-Healing fibrosis & stricture. Polyps & Diverticulum. Benign intra-mural tumours. Intra-mural haematoma. Intestinal Ascariasis. Foreign Body. Necrotizing Entero-Colitis. Tuberculosis. Intussusception. Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Ulcerative Colitis, Cronhs Disease. Complications of an Inflammatory Bowel Disease – Perforation, Stricture. Neoplastic lesion is usually a segment involvement, & shows irregularly thickened, hypoechoic & aperistaltic wall with loss of normal layering pattern. It is usually a solitary stricture & has eccentric irregular luminal narrowing. It shows loss of normal Gut Signature. Enlargement of the involved segment seen. Shouldering effect at the ends of stricture is most common feature. Primary arising from wall itself & secondary are invasion from adjacent malignancy or distant metastasis. All these cases are compared & proved with gold standards like surgery & endoscopy. Some extra efforts taken during all routine or emergent ultrasonography examinations can be an effective non-invasive method to diagnose primarily hitherto unsuspected benign & malignant Gastro-Intestinal Tract lesions, so should be the investigation of choice.

Biography:

Yerimova N Zh, Gastroenterologist of  Syzganov’s  National Scientific Center of  Surgery. Her research interest includes Gastroenterology, children liver transplantation and general pediatrics, scientific research, stem cell.

Abstract:

Aim: Evaluation of the effectiveness of the prevention of the treatment of cytomegalovirus infection after liver transplantation in children under 1 year of age with biliary atresia.

Material & Methods: Since March 2016 18 liver transplants from a living related donor in children were performed. The age of the patients ranged from 7 months to 8 years. Of these 15 (83.3%) patients were with biliary atresia. The number of girls is 10 (66.7%) and boys 5 (33.3%). At the time of diagnosis, most of the children registered formed cirrhosis of the liver.

Results: All recipients with positive quantitative parameters of PCR received CMV-specific immunoglobulin 3-5 months before the operation. The left lateral sector was transplanted to 15 patients with biliary atresia from CMV of the seropositive related lifelong donor (D+/R+) 13 donors and from CMV 1 seronegative donor (D-/R+), 1 to the simultaneous transplantation (liver and kidney) 2 patients with cirrhosis of the liver in the outcome of autoimmune hepatitis. In all children, biliary atresia was combined with a cytomegalovirus infection, 7 of them with an active form. The observation period is from 14 days after the operation to 2 years. After the operation, a three-component immunosuppressive therapy was performed (prednisolone, Sellsept, Tacrolimus). Activation was noted in 2 patients with inactive form of CMV. In 2 children, neurologic symptoms developed - 1 with active form of CMV and in 1 child it was associated with a toxic effect of immunosuppressive therapy (tacrolimus), which was managed by conservative methods of treatment. All children with cytomegalovirus infection received antiviral therapy with valganciclovir at a rate of 18 mg/kg for 1 month, against which the virus load in children with an active CMV phase was reduced. Six months after the operation, in all children, the quality of PCR for CMV was negative. At 9 months after liver transplantation, 1 patient with an inactive form of CMV had an increase in viral load.

Conclusions: Thus, our experience once again confirms the role of cytomegalovirus infection in the development of biliary atresia with the formation of liver cirrhosis and requires adequate follow-up after liver transplantation.

Biography:

Derouiche Abdelfettah has received a PhD in Bio-industry from the University of Nancy France in 1988 and PhD in Human Nutrition in 2008, Hassan University II Casablanca Morocco. He is the Professor in Human Nutrition and is a Director of the human nutrition research unit. He is a Temporary adviser on nutrition of WHO and the Head of Moroccan action on salt and health (MASH).

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are not just a public health problem, they are also economical. These diseases are accentuated in the part of the population facing economic challenges and often resulting from rural exodus. The results of the (NCD) screenings in the city of Casablanca Morocco showed a high frequency of obesity and possible undiagnosed cases of NCD in low and middle-income areas. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of obesity among women in Casablanca and to study the factors involved.

Method: A survey was conducted in six Casablanca neighborhoods using multi-stage cluster sampling. Anthropometric parameters and body composition were measured and information on the evolution of eating habits, socio-demographic status and body image perception and use of fattening products was collected using a questionnaire of 425 adult women from the neighborhoods of Casablanca.

Result: We found a prevalence of 47% obesity and 36% overweight. Obesity and overweight exceeded 80% in all age groups, except for women under 25, where we found a prevalence of 44% overweight. In addition, the prevalence of abdominal obesity was high in all age groups with an overall prevalence of 67%. Body image perception data showed that 62% of women perceived their weight as normal or insufficient, 46% of these women were, in fact, overweight or obese. Fattening products have been used at least once by 12% of the population, especially by women under 35 years of age.

Conclusion: The problem of overweight and obesity in this society exceeds twice the national prevalence it would be in addition to the change in eating behavior and lifestyle to the perception of a regular weight and the use of fattening substances.

Biography:

Abstract:

Biography:

Abstract:

Biography:

Yerimova N Zh, Gastroenterologist of  Syzganov’s  National Scientific Center of  Surgery. Her research interest includes Gastroenterology, children liver transplantation and general pediatrics, scientific research, stem cell.

Abstract:

Aim: Evaluation of the effectiveness of the prevention of the treatment of cytomegalovirus infection after liver transplantation in children under 1 year of age with biliary atresia.

Material & Methods: Since March 2016 18 liver transplants from a living related donor in children were performed. The age of the patients ranged from 7 months to 8 years. Of these 15 (83.3%) patients were with biliary atresia. The number of girls is 10 (66.7%) and boys 5 (33.3%). At the time of diagnosis, most of the children registered formed cirrhosis of the liver.

Results: All recipients with positive quantitative parameters of PCR received CMV-specific immunoglobulin 3-5 months before the operation. The left lateral sector was transplanted to 15 patients with biliary atresia from CMV of the seropositive related lifelong donor (D+/R+) 13 donors and from CMV 1 seronegative donor (D-/R+), 1 to the simultaneous transplantation (liver and kidney) 2 patients with cirrhosis of the liver in the outcome of autoimmune hepatitis. In all children, biliary atresia was combined with a cytomegalovirus infection, 7 of them with an active form. The observation period is from 14 days after the operation to 2 years. After the operation, a three-component immunosuppressive therapy was performed (prednisolone, Sellsept, Tacrolimus). Activation was noted in 2 patients with inactive form of CMV. In 2 children, neurologic symptoms developed - 1 with active form of CMV and in 1 child it was associated with a toxic effect of immunosuppressive therapy (tacrolimus), which was managed by conservative methods of treatment. All children with cytomegalovirus infection received antiviral therapy with valganciclovir at a rate of 18 mg/kg for 1 month, against which the virus load in children with an active CMV phase was reduced. Six months after the operation, in all children, the quality of PCR for CMV was negative. At 9 months after liver transplantation, 1 patient with an inactive form of CMV had an increase in viral load.

Conclusions: Thus, our experience once again confirms the role of cytomegalovirus infection in the development of biliary atresia with the formation of liver cirrhosis and requires adequate follow-up after liver transplantation.